Pneumonia Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Pneumonia, including details on symptoms, viral, bacterial, treatment, causes, walking pneumonia. | ||||||
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Viral pneumonia.Ruuskanen O, Lahti E, Jennings LC, Murdoch DR Department of Paediatrics, Turku University Hospitals, Turku, Finland. olli.ruuskanen@tyks.fi About 200 million cases of viral community-acquired pneumonia occur every year-100 million in children and 100 million in adults. Molecular diagnostic tests have greatly increased our understanding of the role of viruses in pneumonia, and findings indicate that the incidence of viral pneumonia has been underestimated. In children, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, and parainfluenza viruses are the agents identified most frequently in both developed and developing countries. Dual viral infections are common, and a third of children have evidence of viral-bacterial co-infection. In adults, viruses are the putative causative agents in a third of cases of community-acquired pneumonia, in particular influenza viruses, rhinoviruses, and coronaviruses. Bacteria continue to have a predominant role in adults with pneumonia. Presence of viral epidemics in the community, patient's age, speed of onset of illness, symptoms, biomarkers, radiographic changes, and response to treatment can help differentiate viral from bacterial pneumonia. However, no clinical algorithm exists that will distinguish clearly the cause of pneumonia. No clear consensus has been reached about whether patients with obvious viral community-acquired pneumonia need to be treated with antibiotics. Apart from neuraminidase inhibitors for pneumonia caused by influenza viruses, there is no clear role for use of specific antivirals to treat viral community-acquired pneumonia. Influenza vaccines are the only available specific preventive measures. Further studies are needed to better understand the cause and pathogenesis of community-acquired pneumonia. Furthermore, regional differences in cause of pneumonia should be investigated, in particular to obtain more data from developing countries. Published 12 April 2011 in Lancet, 377(9773): 1264-75. Articles on Pneumonia published 12 April 2011: Viral pneumonia. Lancet, 377(9773): 1264-75. About 200 million cases of viral community-acquired pneumonia occur every year-100 million in children and 100 million in adults. Molecular diagnostic tests have greatly increased our understanding of the role of viruses in pneumonia, and findings indicate that the incidence of viral pneumonia has been underestimated. In children, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, and parainfluenza viruses are the agents identified most frequently in both developed ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Articles on Pneumonia published 23 March 2011: Hydrocortisone therapy for patients with multiple trauma: the randomized controlled HYPOLYTE study. JAMA, 305(12): 1201-9. Hydrocortisone therapy for patients with multiple trauma: the randomized controlled HYPOLYTE study. JAMA, 305(12): 1201-9. Hydrocortisone therapy for patients with multiple trauma: the randomized controlled HYPOLYTE study. JAMA, 305(12): 1201-9. Articles on Pneumonia published 18 March 2011: The ability of pandemic influenza virus hemagglutinins to induce lower respiratory pathology is associated with decreased surfactant protein D binding. Virology, 412(2): 426-34. Pandemic influenza viral infections have been associated with viral pneumonia. Chimeric influenza viruses with the hemagglutinin segment of the 1918, 1957, 1968, or 2009 pandemic influenza viruses in the context of a seasonal H1N1 influenza genome were constructed to analyze the role of hemagglutinin (HA) in pathogenesis and cell tropism in a mouse model. We also explored whether there was an association between the ability of lung surfactant protein D (SP-D) to bind to the HA and the ability ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Articles on Pneumonia published 17 March 2011: Corticosteroids for pneumonia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 3: CD007720. Articles on Pneumonia published 1 March 2011: Aspergillus fumigatus Bronchopneumonia in a Hellenic Shepherd Dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 47(2): e13-8. A 3 yr old intact female Hellenic shepherd dog was referred due to depression, partial anorexia, fever, and a mild productive cough of 2 mo duration. Thoracic radiographs showed increased opacity of all of the left lung lobes. Upon bronchoscopy, a sanguineous, purulent discharge was detected in the tracheal lumen with hyperplastic tissue narrowing the left main stem bronchus. Cultures were positive for bacteria (Bacillus spp. and Clostridium spp.) but negative for fungi. Due to the severity of ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Articles on Pneumonia published 24 February 2011: Why should we measure bacterial load when treating community-acquired pneumonia? Curr Opin Infect Dis, 24(2): 137-41. © 2004-2011 Pneumonia Research Today. All Rights Reserved. |
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